- 권한신청
- P-ISSN1229-0661
- E-ISSN1229-0661
- KCI
재난 자원봉사인력의 소진 양상에 따른 이차외상스트레스와 세상에 대한 신념의 차이
Understanding Voluntary Disaster Workers with Their Burnout Pattern and the Group Differences in Secondary Traumatic Stress and World Assumptions
주혜선 (이화여자대학교)
안현의 (이화여자대학교)
- 다운로드 수
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초록
본 연구는 재난지원인력으로서 자원봉사자의 역할과 그 중요성이 계속적으로 증가하는 상황에서 이들이 경험하는 심리적 어려움을 살펴보기 위해, 소진 양상에 따른 하위집단을 파악하고 그 특성을 이해하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 세월호 침몰 사고 당시 자원봉사인력의 소진 양상에 따른 군집을 확인하고, 이차외상스트레스 증상과 세상에 대한 신념과 같은 재난 관련 반응에서 집단 간 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 구체적으로, 사고 당시 재난지원 봉사활동에 참여한 성인 70명을 대상으로 심리적 소진의 하위요인(정서적 고갈, 개인적 성취감, 비인간화)을 사용한 군집분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, ‘낮은 소진-높은 성취’를 나타낸 집단 1(n=17), ‘높은 소진-높은 성취’를 보인 집단 2(n=28), ‘낮은 소진-낮은 성취’를 보인 집단 3(n=25)과 같이 총 세 집단으로 분류되었다. 각 집단의 특성을 이해하기 위해 인구통계학적 특성과 재난지원활동 특성의 차이 검정을 실시한 결과, 재난지원활동 내용과 기간이 집단 간에 유의한 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 다음으로, 이차외상스트레스 증상과 세상에 대한 신념의 집단 간 차이를 살펴본 결과, 집단 2의 경우 다른 집단에 비해 이차외상스트레스 증상의 수준이 높았으며, 집단 1의 경우 다른 집단에 비해 긍정적 자기에 대한 가치감 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 각 집단에서 요구하는 개인․기관 차원에서의 예방과 개입 방안에 대해 논의하였으며, 연구의 제한점을 기술하고 후속 연구를 위해 제언하였다
- keywords
- 세월호, 재난, 자원봉사자, 심리적 소진, 이차외상스트레스, 세상에 대한 신념, 군집분석, Sewol ferry, disaster, volunteer, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, world assumptions, cluster analysis
Abstract
As the role of volunteers in disaster settings has been growing overtime, the present study was aimed to understand voluntary disaster workers with their burnout pattern and examine group differences in their secondary traumatic stress and world assumptions. Total of 70 voluntary workers who served for recovery from Sewol ferry disaster participated in this study. Using cluster analysis, we identified three distinct cluster groups on the basis of three burnout subscale scores(emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, depersonalization): Group 1 was characterized by the highest score on personal accomplishment and low levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Group 2 scored the highest on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and relatively high on personal accomplishment. Group 3 was characterized by the lowest scores on three subscales. Results from tests showed that groups differed significantly on types and the period of support activities. Analysis of variance was conducted to identify further group differences. The results indicated that Group 2 scored the highest on secondary traumatic stress, while Group 1 scored the highest on worthiness of the self. Finally, the clinical implications and limitations of these results as well as suggestions for further research were discussed.
- keywords
- 세월호, 재난, 자원봉사자, 심리적 소진, 이차외상스트레스, 세상에 대한 신념, 군집분석, Sewol ferry, disaster, volunteer, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, world assumptions, cluster analysis
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