바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

운전자의 상태운전분노가 추돌회피와 상황인식에 미치는 효과: 부정정서의 조절효과

Effects of Driver's State Driving Anger on Collision Avoidance and Situation Awareness: Moderating Effect of Negative Affect

한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제 / Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues, (P)1229-0661; (E)1229-0661
2014, v.20 no.4, pp.391-414
김요한 (부산대학교)
이재식 (부산대학교)
  • 다운로드 수
  • 조회수

초록

본 연구에서는 운전자들이 경험한 상태운전분노가 운전자의 상황인식과 추돌회피 수행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 상황인식에 대한 상태운전분노의 효과를 긍정/부정정서가 어떻게 조절하는지 운전 시뮬레이션을 통해 살펴보았다. 본 실험에는 63명의 대학생 운전자들이 참여하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상태운전분노 수준에 따라 추돌위험 가능상황에서 실제 추돌사고를 야기했는지의 여부를 분석한 결과, 상태운전분노를 높은 수준으로 경험한 실험참가자들은 그렇지 않은 실험참가자들에 비해 선행차량과의 추돌비율이 유의하게 높았다. 둘째, 상황인식 측정점수에 대한 특성운전분노와 긍정/부정정서의 주효과는 각각 유의하지 않았다. 셋째, 상태운전분노 수준이 높을수록 전반적으로 상태운전분노 유발 이후의 상황인식 점수가 유의하게 낮아지기는 하였으나 이러한 경향은 부정정서가 높은 경우에 더 두드러져 상태운전분노에 의한 상황인식에서의 저하는 운전자의 부정정서 점수가 높을수록 더 컸다. 이러한 결과들은 운전자의 특성운전분노보다는 상태운전분노가 운전자의 상황인식 능력 저하와 유의한 관련성이 있고, 특히 운전자의 상태운전분노가 상황인식에 대해 갖는 효과는 부정정서와 같은 정서-관련변인을 통합적으로 고려할 경우 더 타당하게 설명될 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

keywords
상태운전분노, 특성운전분노, 긍정/부정정서, 상황인식, 운전시뮬레이션, trait/state driving anger, positive/negative affect, situation awareness, driving simulation

Abstract

This driving simulation study examined the effect of driver's state driving anger(SDA) on collision avoidance(CA) and situation awareness(SA), as well as the moderating effect of driver's positive and negative affect(PA and NA) on the relationship between the driver's SDA and SA. The results showed the followings. First, high SDA group collided with the leading vehicle more frequently than low SDA group. Second, neither the driver's trait driving anger(TDA) nor PA/NA yielded significant changes in SA after SDA was induced. Third, high SDA tended to lower SA but this tendency was observed only when the driver's NA was high. These results suggested that SDA than TDA is a significant deteriorating factor of the driver's SA, and more importantly, SDA should be considered with other affect-relating variable such as NA in explaining the effect of SDA on driver's SA and CA.

keywords
상태운전분노, 특성운전분노, 긍정/부정정서, 상황인식, 운전시뮬레이션, trait/state driving anger, positive/negative affect, situation awareness, driving simulation

참고문헌

1.

김비아, 이재식 (2005). 성차에 따른 상황인식의 차이: 운전-관련 과제를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 18(1), 163-176.

2.

신용균, 한덕웅, 류준범 (2009). 운전분노척도에 의한 과속운전 행동의 예측. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 14(1), 159-173.

3.

오주석, 이순철 (2011). 운전행동 결정요인의 구성과 위험운전행동과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 17(2), 175-197.

4.

윤보영, 이순철 (2011). 익명상황의 운전행동과 운전분노 및 정서표현갈등과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 17(3), 321- 341.

5.

윤지혜, 현명호, 김인석 (2004). 특성분노와 의도-모호성이 타인비난과 운전분노에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 9(3), 713- 728.

6.

이재식 (2012). 운전분노에 대한 운전확신과 감각추구 성향의 상호작용 효과: 운전자의 연령대별 비교. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 18(3), 389-413.

7.

이재식 (2014). 성별과 운전경력에 따른 행위자-관찰자 관점에서의 운전분노 차이: 운전 시뮬레이션 연구. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 20(2), 107-131.

8.

이현희, 김은정, 이민규 (2003). 한국판 정적 정서 및 부적 정서 척도(Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule: PANAS)의 타당화연구. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 22(4), 935-946.

9.

Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

10.

Berdoulat, E., Vavassori, D., & Sastre, M. T. M. (2013). Driving anger, emotional and instrumental aggressiveness, and impulsiveness in the prediction of aggressive and transgressive driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 758-767.

11.

Blanchard, E. B., Barton, K. A., & Malta, L. (2000). Psychometric properties of a measure of aggressive driving: The Larson Driver’s Stress Profile. Psychological Reports, 87(3), 881- 892.

12.

Bower, G. H., (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist 36(2), 129-148.

13.

Deffenbacher, J. L., & McKay, M. (2000). Overcoming situational and general anger: A protocol for the treatment of anger based on relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and coping skills training. New Harbinger Publications.

14.

Deffenbacher, J. L., Huff, M. E., Lynch, R. S., Oetting, E. R., & Salvatore, N. F. (2000). Characteristics and treatment of high-anger drivers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(1), 5-17.

15.

Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Filetti, L. B., Dahlen, E. R., & Oetting, E. R. (2003). Anger, aggression, risky behavior, and crash-related outcomes in three groups of drivers. Behaviour research and therapy, 41(3), 333-349.

16.

Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., & Lynch, R. S. (1994). Development of a driving anger scale. Psychological reports, 74(1), 83-91.

17.

DePasquale, J. P., Geller, E. S., Clarke, S. W., & Littleton, L. C. (2001). Measuring road rage: Development of the propensity for angry driving scale. Journal of Safety Research, 32(1), 1-16.

18.

Desrichard, O., & Denarié, V. (2005). Sensation seeking and negative affectivity as predictors of risky behaviors: A distinction between occasional versus frequent risk-taking. Addictive Behaviors, 30(7), 1449-1453.

19.

Deiner, E., & Larsen, R. J. (1984). Temporal stability and cross-situational consistency of affective, behavioral, and cognitive responses. Journal of personality and social psychology, 47(4), 871-883.

20.

Deiner, E., Smith, H., & Fujita, F. (1995). The personality structure of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(1), 130-141.

21.

Dula, C. S., & Ballard, M. E. (2003). Development and Evaluation of a Measure of Dangerous, Aggressive, Negative Emotional, and Risky Driving. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(2), 263-282.

22.

Endsley, M. R. (1995). Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 37(1), 32-64.

23.

Forgas, J. P. (1995). Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM). Psychological Bulletin, 117(1), 39-66.

24.

Fredrickson, B. L., & Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought‐action repertoires. Cognition & Emotion, 19(3), 313-332.

25.

Gugerty, L. (1997). Situation awareness during driving: Explicit and implicit knowledge in dynamic spatial memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 3(1), 42-66.

26.

Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (1999). Traffic congestion, driver stress, and driver aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 25(6), 409-423.

27.

Hole, G. (2007). The psychology of driving

28.

Iversen, H., & Rundmo, T. (2002). Personality, risky driving and accident involvement among norwegian drivers. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(8), 1251-1263.

29.

Jefferies, L. N., Smilek, D., Eich, E., & Enns, J. T. (2008). Emotional valence and arousal interact in attentional control. Psychological Science, 19(3), 290-295.

30.

Johannsdottir, K. R., & Herdman, C. M. (2010). The role of working memory in supporting drivers' situation awareness for surrounding traffic. Human Factors, 52(6), 663-673.

31.

Jones, D. G., & Endsley, M. R. (1996). Sources of situation awareness errors in aviation. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine. 67, 507-512.

32.

Kaber, D., Zhang, Y., Jin, S., Mosaly, P., & Garner, M. (2012). Effects of hazard exposure and roadway complexity on young and older driver situation awareness and performance. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 15(5), 600-611.

33.

King, Y., & Parker, D. (2008). Driving violations, aggression and perceived consensus. European Review of Applied Psychology, 58(1), 43-49.

34.

Lajunen, T., & Parker, D. (2001). Are aggressive people aggressive drivers? A study of the relationship between self-reported general aggressiveness, driver anger and aggressive driving, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 33(2), 243-255.

35.

Lonczak, H., Neighbors, C., & Donovan, D. (2007). Predicting risky and angry driving as a function of gender. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 39(3), 536-545.

36.

Neighbors, C., Vietor, N. A., & Knee, & C. R. (2002). A motivational model of driving anger and aggression, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(3), 324-335.

37.

Power, M., & Dalgleish, T. (2008). Cognition and Emotion: From Order to Disorder. Psychology Press, Hove, East Sussex, UK, New York, NY, USA.

38.

Renner, W., & Anderle, F. (2000). Venturesomeness and extraversion as correlates of juvenile drivers’ traffic violations, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 32(5), 673-678.

39.

Taubman-Ben-Ari, O., Mikulincer, M., & Gillath,. O. (2004). The multidimensional driving style inventory-scale construct and validation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 36(3), 323-332.

40.

Vallieres, E. F., Bergeron, J., & Vallerand, R. J. (2005). The role of attributions and anger in aggressive driving behaviours. In G. Underwood(Ed.), Traffic and Transport Psychology: Theory and Application(pp.181-190). Oxford, UK: Elsevier.

41.

Van Coillie, H., Van Mechelen, I., & Ceulemans, E. (2006). Multidimensional individual differences in anger-related behaviors. Personality and individual differences, 41(1), 27-38.

42.

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.

43.

Wells-Parker, E., Ceminsky, J., Hallberg, V., Snow, R. W., Dunaway, G., Suiling, S., & Anderson, B. (2002). An exploratory study of the relationship between road rage and crash experience in a representative sample of US drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 34(3), 271-278.

44.

Wickens, C. D., Lee, J. D., Liu, Y., & Gordon-Becker, S. E. (2004). An Introduction to Human Factors Engineering, Person Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제